Presentation Graphics: Graphics, Audio, Video, & Other Objects

Microsoft PowerPoint
(Office XP/2002)


The following is designed to be used as a tutorial. You can work through this tutorial using multitasking (i.e. switching back and forth between your web browser and Microsoft PowerPoint), or you can print this web page and just work in your slide show.

This tutorial will introduce you to the processes used to include and manipulate graphics and other objects on the slides of your slide show. You should try to DO each of the processes described here (more than once) and also do a little experimenting on your own. Contact your instructor if you have any questions.

If you saved your slides from the last tutorial, open that file. Otherwise, start PowerPoint and create at least four slides (use one of the templates and put some text on the slides).


Introduction

Graphics are often used on slides to enhance the textual information, present information with pictures or diagrams, or to simply make the slides more visually appealing. Graphics should improve the visual affect of a slide, not detract or draw attention away from the information the slide is intended to present. In other words, when graphics are used, they should be used for a reason.

Graphics can be obtained from a variety of sources, including...

PowerPoint slides may also include audio clips and video clips. Audio can run on a single slide or can span several slides. This can be especially effective with self running presentations on a kiosk or a presentation that is running as an audience gathers. As with graphics, audio and video should be used to enhance or present information. They should not detract from the message of the slide.

Warning: Many graphics, audio clips, and video clips are copyrighted. Do not violate other people's copyrights.


The Background

The background color and related effects can be controlled by the "Background..." command found in the "Format" menu (choose this command now).

In the "Background" dialog box, you will see an example slide (which shows the background color with the current color scheme) and a colored box below. Click on the colored box, and a little menu will pop up. From this menu, you can ...

When finished, you have the four options ...

Remember, you can always use the undo command ("Edit" menu, button on the standard tool bar, or Ctrl-Z) to get things back to the way they were.

There are times when you need to turn off all of the graphic objects in the background (these items are defined on the slide master) for one or more slides. The "Background..." command also provides the means to accomplish this.

  1. Select the "Background..." command from the "Format" menu.
  2. At the bottom of the dialog box, there is a check box followed by the words, "Omit background graphics from master." Click on this check box (there should be a little check mark in the box).
  3. Click on the "Apply" button.

When you return to your slides, you will notice that any background graphics will be removed from the current slide. (NOTE: Repeat these steps to turn the background graphics back on.)


Placing an External Graphic on a Slide

The first thing you will need is a graphic stored in a separate file on a storage device that you have access to. If you do not have a graphic available, you can use this one (it's a JPG file).

 

To download this graphic to your computer ...

  1. Right click on the graphic (for a Macintosh, click and hold).
  2. From the popup menu, select "Save this Image As..." (Netscape Navigator) or "Save Picture As..." (Internet Explorer).
  3. In the dialog box..
    1. Navigate to where you want to save this file (VERY IMPORTANT! You need to know WHERE you saved the file).
    2. Specify a filename or use the current filename (VERY IMPORTANT! You need to know the name of the file).
  4. Click on the "Save" button.

To place the graphic on the current slide...

  1. From the "Insert" menu, choose the "Picture" submenu, and then choose the "From File..." command.
  2. In the "Insert Picture" dialog box, navigate to find the file. Do you remember where you put it?
  3. Select the file by either double-clicking on the file or clicking on the "Insert" button when the file is selected (single click).

Once the graphic is placed on the slide, you can

Try these options!

The "Picture" toolbar/palette should become visible when a graphic is selected (click once on the graphic). This toolbar/palette should disappear when the graphic is no longer selected (click once outside the bounds of the graphic). The toolbar can be used to manipulate a graphic several ways, including:

Try all of the above commands.


Microsoft Clip-Art Gallery and Other Objects

Microsoft Office and PowerPoint comes with a group of helper programs for creating various types of objects on a slide (including: ClipArt Gallery, Word Table, WordArt, and many others). NOTE: The following tools will only be available if they were included when your software was installed.

Clip-Art Gallery

This is a collection of images that are included with Microsoft Office. The number of images may vary depending on how your software was installed on your system. The clipart included in this gallery is accessed through the task pane.

  1. Click on the downward pointing triangle at the upper left corner of the task pane and select "Insert Clip Art" from the menu.
  2. Enter a search criteria in the text box at the top of the task pane. For example, try the word tree. Click on the "Search" button.
  3. Click on one of the thumbnails of an image and it will be placed in the middle of the side.
  4. Manipulate the image just like any other graphic.
  5. To do a different search, click on the "Modify" button that is just below the thumbnails.

Word Table

This helper program is used to create simple tables with borders on a slide.

  1. From the "Insert" menu, select the "Table..." command.
  2. Use the dialog box to specify the number of rows and columns to be used in the table. Then click the "OK" button.
  3. Enter and format text in the cells of the table.
  4. Use the "Tables and Borders" toolbar/palette to format and manipulate the table.
  5. The table can be moved and resized just like any text box.

WordArt

  1. From the "Insert" menu, select the "Picture" submenu, and then select the "WordArt" command.
  2. Select a WordArt style and then click the "OK" button.
  3. Enter the text for the WordArt and then click the "OK" button.
  4. Use the WordArt toolbar to manipulate the characteristics of the WordArt image.
  5. Move, resize, and/or rotate the image just like any other graphic.

Organizational Chart

Organizational charts are used to show relationships between people or processes. To create an organizational chart on a slide:

  1. From the "Insert" menu, select the "Picture" submenu, and then select the "Organization Chart" command.
  2. Click in the boxes of the chart to enter or edit the text in the chart.
  3. Use the "Organization Chart" toolbar to manipulate the chart.
  4. Move or resize the chart just like a text box.

Other Objects?

There may be tools for creating other types of objects that have been installed with your software. They are all accessed through the "Insert" menu.

Experiment with each of these tools.


Cut, Copy, & Paste Graphics

Another way to place a graphic on a slide is to use "Cut & Paste" between PowerPoint and a graphics program. NOTE: You will need some type of graphics program to complete the following process. If you have and know how to use a graphics program, try the following.

  1. Go to the slide where the graphic will be placed.
  2. Without exiting from PowerPoint, launch you graphics program.
  3. Using the graphics program ... open, create, and/or edit a graphic.
  4. Select the graphic (or a portion of it).
  5. Choose "Copy" from the "Edit" menu (this will place the selected graphic on the clipboard).
  6. Return to PowerPoint.
  7. Choose "Paste" from the "Edit" menu (this will copy the graphic on the clipboard to the slide).
  8. Manipulate the graphic as above (move and/or resize).

NOTE: Another application of the cut, copy, and paste commands is copying or moving objects (including text boxes and text) between slides. When a cut or copied object is pasted on a slide, it will be placed EXACTLY in the same position on the slide. To copy an object: select it, use the copy command, go to the other slide, and use the paste command. To move an object .... follow the same process except use the cut command instead of the copy command. Try it!


The Draw Tools Included within PowerPoint

PowerPoint also provides the tools needed to create and edit simple graphics. Before we look at them, it's important that you first understand the difference between the two primary types of graphic editing programs: paint and draw.

Paint Programs

These are programs that provide the means to manipulate the individual pixels (dots) that make up a graphic. These types of graphics are often referred to as "bitmapped or raster graphics." By working with individual pixels or groups of pixels, the user can determine their color or apply some special effect to these pixels. Working in these programs is like painting on a canvas (when something is covered up ... it is gone). These programs are primarily used to edit photos or scanned images. Although you have a lot of detailed control over the image, their primary disadvantages are that they require fairly large files and you loose quality when the image's size is changed. The graphics tools found in PowerPoint are NOT paint program tools.

Draw Programs

These are programs that provide the means to create and edit images that are made out of objects (line segments and polygons). Each object is defined mathematically and is independent of all of the other objects that make up the image. These types of graphics are often referred to as "object-oriented or vector graphics." Working in these programs is like placing these objects on a table. When two objects intersect, one will be on top of the other. The order of this layering affect can be changed without any loss of the characteristics of each object. These programs are primarily used to edit diagrams, logos, and clipart. Although you don't have as much detailed control over the image, their primary advantages are that they require less memory and you do not loose quality when the image's size is changed. The graphics tools found in PowerPoint ARE draw program tools.

The tools and commands that can be used to create, edit, and manipulate vector graphics (i.e. the draw tools) are all found on the "Drawing" toolbar, shown below (usually located at the bottom of the window, but like all toolbars, it can be placed anywhere).

If this toolbar is not visible, go to the "View" menu, select the "Toolbars" submenu, and then select the "Drawing" command.

NOTE: In addition to the draw tools, this toolbar includes a button for creating a new textbox , a button for changing the color of selected text , and four buttons for other special purposes (Insert WordArt, Insert Diagram or Organization Charts, Insert Clip Art, and Insert Picture) .

Creating and Manipulating Lines

There are two buttons on the drawing toolbar that can be used to create lines . The first button is used to create a simple line segment and the second is used to create a line segment with an arrowhead at the terminal end. To create a line...

  1. Click on either line tool.
  2. Move the mouse pointer to the point where you want to start the line.
  3. Drag the mouse to where the line is to end.

Try it! Create several lines on a slide.

To manipulate an existing line, you must first select it (just click once on the line ... you will notice a handle at each end when the line is selected). Once a line is selected, it can be manipulated in several ways (try all of the following):

NOTE: You can also change the characteristics of a line by double-clicking on it. This action will display a dialog box that can be used to change a line's settings. Try it!

Creating and Manipulating Rectangles and Ovals

There are two buttons on the drawing toolbar that can be used to create these objects . The first button is used to create a rectangle and the second is used to create an oval. To create either of these objects...

  1. Click on either tool.
  2. Move the mouse pointer to where you want to start drawing the object.
  3. Drag the mouse diagonally to create the object (note: if you hold down the SHIFT key when dragging, these tools will create a square or a circle)

Try it! Create several rectangles, squares, ovals and circles on a slide.

To manipulate a rectangle or oval, you must first select it (just click once on the object ... you will notice 8 white handles and 1 green handle when the object is selected). Once selected, rectangles and ovals can be manipulated in several ways (try all of the following):

NOTE: You can also change the characteristics of a rectangle or oval by double-clicking on it. This action will display a dialog box that can be used to change a its settings. Try it!

Creating and Manipulating AutoShapes (other objects)

The AutoShapes button () on the drawing toolbar is a popup menu that can be used to create a variety of other special shapes. To create an AutoShape object ...

  1. Select an object from one of the submenus in the AutoShape popup menu.
  2. Create the object by dragging (just like you did above with the lines, rectangles, and ovals).

Each of these shapes are can be manipulated just like the lines, rectangles, and ovals above. These objects will often have additional handles (yellow diamonds) that can be used to change its shape characteristics.

Try it! Create several autoshape objects on a slide and then manipulate their characteristics and attributes

Text in shapes

Any of these objects (except lines) can have text placed inside the object. After an object is created, select the object and start typing (the object will act just like a textbox).

NOTE: The default text color may not provide enough contrast to be readable. Change the text color by first selecting the text and then use the text color button/menu ().

Try it!

Drop Shadows

Any object can have a drop shadow (this gives the object a little depth and tends to make it stand out from the slide). To give an object a shadow: select the object, click on the shadow button (), and then select a style from the popup menu. The "Shadow settings..." option in this menu will display a toolbar that can be used to edit the characteristics (position and color) of the object's shadow. Close the shadow toolbar when it is no longer needed.

Try it!

3D (three dimensional) Affects

Any object can have a three dimensional affect. To give an object this affect: select the object, click on the 3-D Style button (), and select a style from the popup menu. The "3-D Settings..." option in this menu will display a toolbar that can be used to edit the characteristics of the 3-D affect. Close this toolbar when it is no longer needed.

Try it!

Rotation

Any object (including text boxes) can be rotated. To rotate an object: select the object and then drag on the green handle just above the top center of the object.

Try it!

Nudging Objects

Objects can be moved by dragging, but sometimes you need a little more control that you can get with your mouse. In these cases, you can use the nudge feature to move objects. There are two ways to nudge an object in any of four directions (up, down, left, right).

Try it!

Changing the Layering Order of the Objects

Each object on a slide (including text boxes) has a unique layering order. When two objects intersect, one will be on top of the other. Sometimes the order of this layering affect needs to be changed (i.e. the object on the bottom needs to be moved to the top). To change the layering order of an object...

  1. Select the object.
  2. From the "Draw" popup menu in the drawing toolbar, select the "Order" submenu.
  3. Select the appropriate option:
    • "Bring to Front" moves the object to the highest (top) level
    • "Send to Back" moves the object to the lowest (bottom) level
    • "Bring Forward" moves the object up one level towards the top
    • "Send Backward" moves the object down one level towards the bottom

Try it! Begin by overlapping two or more objects.

Aligning Objects

It is sometimes difficult to get objects aligned (relative to each other) correctly by dragging and/or nudging. The align commands help with this process.

  1. Select the objects. How? After selecting the first object with a single click, select each of the other objects by "shift-clicking" (clicking of the other objects while holding down the shift key).
  2. From the "Draw" popup menu in the drawing toolbar, select the "Align or Distribute" submenu.
  3. Select the appropriate option.

Try it!

Grouping Objects

There are times you will want to manipulate several objects as one. This is accomplished by grouping the objects together.

  1. Select the objects. Remember how to select several objects? After selecting the first object with a single click, select each of the other objects by "shift-clicking" (clicking of the other objects while holding down the shift key). All of the handles of the selected objects will be visible.
  2. From the "Draw" popup menu in the drawing toolbar, select the "Group" command. There will now be only one set of handles for the entire group of objects.

Try it!

Once grouped together, all of these objects will now be treated as a single object and can be manipulated as given above.

To "un-group" a grouped set of objects (so that each one of the objects can be manipulated individually again)...

  1. Select the group (click once on it)
  2. From the "Draw" popup menu in the drawing toolbar, select the "Ungroup" command. There will now be a set of handles for each object.
  3. Click on any blank spot of the slide. This will deselect the objects.
  4. Manipulate the individual objects as needed.

Try it!


Sound

Warning: Sound files, even of short duration, can take up a lot of disk space. Also, sounds should be only used to enhance your presentation (i.e. they should have a purpose). Do not use sounds just because you can!

PowerPoint provides the tools for playing one or more sound clips when a slide is displayed. As with graphics, sound clips may be stored on your computer in various formats. PowerPoint recognizes and can use AIFF, AU, MIDI, MP3, WAV, WMA sound files.

You can also instruct the presentation to play an audio CD track (the CD must be in the CD/DVD player of the computer during the presentation).

In either case, the sound media can ...

Warning: Sound media can require a lot of memory on your disk. Some of the things that affect the memory requirements include: duration, sound type, and quality.

Sound Clips

First of all, where do you get them? There are three primary sources:

Sounds from the "Clip Art" portion of the task pane and sounds that are recorded from within PowerPoint are embedded in the presentation file. Other sound clips remain in separate files and therefore must be accessible when the slide show is presented. Therefore, it will be best to place the external sound files in the same folder as the presentation file. This must be done BEFORE the sound is added to a slide. If the presentation is ever moved to another location, the sound file must accompany it.

Once placed on a slide (see below), the sound is represented by an icon of a speaker (). This icon can be moved and resized just like a graphic. If you do not want this icon visible on the slide, you can cover it up with any other object or with a rectangle that is the same color (both interior and border) as the background.

Sounds from the "Clip Art" portion of the task pane are inserted just like graphics (search for the sound and then click on it). When the sound clip is inserted, you will be given the option to have the sound played automatically when the slide is presented or played only when its icon is clicked on.

Sounds from external files are inserted using the same basic process as inserting a graphic from a file:

  1. From the "Insert" menu, select the "Movies and Sounds" submenu, and then select the "Sound from File..." command.
  2. Use the dialog box to navigate to the location of the sound file.
  3. Select the sound file.
  4. Click the "OK" button.
  5. As with the clip art sounds, you will be given the option to have the sound played automatically when the slide is presented or played only when its icon is clicked on.

Try all of the above sound clip options that are available on your system.

Playing Audio CD Tracks

One or more audio tracks from a CD that is in the computer's CD/DVD player can be played during a presentation. To implement this feature, proceed as follows:

  1. Place the CD that will be used in the CD/DVD player.
  2. From the "Insert" menu, select the "Movies and Sounds" submenu, and then select the "Play CD Audio Track..." command.
  3. Using the dialog box, specify which tracks are to be played.
  4. Click on the "OK" button.
  5. As with the sound clips, you will be given the option to have the CD tracks played automatically when the slide is presented or played only when the CD track's icon is clicked.

An icon of a CD () will be placed on the slide that represents the playing of the CD tracks. This icon can be moved and resized just like a graphic. If you do not want this icon visible on the slide, you can cover it up with any other object or with a rectangle that is the same color (both interior and border) as the background. The default settings will cause the tracks to play until they end or until the mouse is clicked. Try it!

Changing When the Sound is Played

As indicated above, a sound can be played when the slide containing it is first displayed, when the user clicks on the sound's icon, or when the mouse points to the sound's icon.

To play the sound when the slide is first displayed:

  1. Right click on the icon of the sound and select the "Custom Animation..." command from the popup menu. The custom animation options will be displayed in the task pane at the right. This will also select the sound.
  2. In the task pane, click on the popup menu to the right of the word "Start:" and then select the "With Previous" option. To turn off this feature, select the "On Click" option.

To play the sound when the user clicks on the icon:

  1. Right click on the icon of the sound and select the "Action Settings..." command from the popup menu.
  2. If not already selected, click on the "Mouse Click" tab at the top of the dialog box.
  3. Select the "Object action:" ratio button if you want the sound to be played when the mouse is clicked on the icon. To turn off this feature, select the "None" radio button.
  4. Click on the "OK" button.

To play the sound when the user points to the icon with the mouse:

  1. Right click on the icon of the sound and select the "Action Settings..." command from the popup menu.
  2. If not already selected, click on the "Mouse Over" tab at the top of the dialog box.
  3. Select the "Object action:" ratio button if you want the sound to be played when the mouse points to the icon. To turn off this feature, select the "None" radio button.
  4. Click on the "OK" button.

Try it!

Allowing a Sound to Span Several Slides

To make a sound media (clips or CD) play through several slides (assuming the duration of the sound is long enough), proceed as follows:

  1. In the task pane, select the "Custom Animation" options.
  2. Select the CD track's icon (i.e. click on it).
  3. In the task pane, click on the triangle to the right of the media object that is highlighted and from the popup menu, select the "Effect Options..." command.
  4. In the "Stop playing" section of the dialog box, click on the "After:" radio button and then specify the number of slides the sound is to span in the text box to the right of this radio button.
  5. Click on the "OK" button.

Try it!

Playing a Sound More Than Once

While the slide containing the sound is displayed, a sound can be played once, several times, or continuously until a mouse click or the next slide is displayed. This characteristic is set as follows:

  1. Right click on the icon of the sound and select the "Custom Animation..." command from the popup menu. The custom animation options will be displayed in the task pane at the right. This will also select the sound.
  2. In the task pane, click on the triangle to the right of the media object that is highlighted and from the popup menu, select the "Timing..." command.
  3. In the dialog box, use the popup menu to the right of the word "Repeat:" to specify how many times the sound is to be played. Options in this menu include: (none), 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, Until Next Click, and Until End of Slide. Note 1: The option "(none)" means the sound is not to be repeated (i.e. it will be played once). Note 2: Regardless of how many times the sound is to be repeated, it will stop when you go to the next slide.

A sound can be played also be played repeatedly until stopped by a mouse click, movement to the next slide, or until a specified number of slides have been displayed. This characteristic is set as follows:

  1. Right click on the icon of the sound and select the "Edit Sound Object" command from the popup menu.
  2. In the dialog box, select the "Loop until stopped" check box. To turn this feature off, deselect this check box.
  3. Right click on the icon of the sound and select the "Custom Animation..." command from the popup menu. The custom animation options will be displayed in the task pane at the right. This will also select the sound.
  4. In the task pane, click on the triangle to the right of the media object that is highlighted and from the popup menu, select the "Effect Options..." command.
  5. In the section of the dialog box that says "Stop playing," click on the radio button that specifies when you want the sound to stop. There are three options:
    1. On click - Stops the sound on the next click of the mouse.
    2. After current slide - Stops the sound when the presentations goes to the next slide.
    3. After: _____ slides - The number specified before the word "slides" determines how many slides will be displayed (including the current slide) before the sound stops.

Try it!


Video Clips

Video clips (aka: movies) can also be placed on slides. When the slide is displayed and/or when the movie's icon is clicked, the video clip will be played. The processes for inserting and managing video clips on slides is similar to sounds. The details will not be presented here. To learn how to work with video clips, see the help facilities that accompany PowerPoint.


Where to go from here...

If you understand the above concepts, you are ready to go to the next tutorial (Presentation Graphics: Special Effects). After the completion of all of the tutorials on Presentation Graphics, you will be ready to start working on the two Presentation Graphics projects.

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